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Katmai NP, Alaska
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The valley was formed by the 1912 eruption of Novarupta, the largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, which lasted for 60 hours and covered the area in ash and pumice.
The valley is characterized by its barren, ash-covered terrain and numerous fumaroles that once emitted steam, giving it the name 'Ten Thousand Smokes.'
The valley is located within Katmai National Park and Preserve, which was established in 1918 to protect the area after the Novarupta eruption.
The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is a key research site for volcanologists studying the effects and aftermath of large volcanic eruptions.
Guided tours and hiking trails are available, allowing visitors to experience the unique geological features of the valley up close.
Despite its barren appearance, the valley and surrounding areas are home to diverse wildlife, including brown bears, moose, and various bird species.
The name 'Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes' was coined by Robert Griggs, a National Geographic Society explorer, who was struck by the sight of countless steam vents.
